Computer Hardware Servicing NC II Tutorial

Video problems are the most devastating of the troubles your computer may have. It shown a dead blank display and leaves you clueless of what is happening inside of it. Don't get too anxious about it - we will solve your computer's video problem.

Having problematic video display may just be caused by a minor problem like loose cable connection to a more concerning defective video card or the display monitor itself. To be able to spot the real problem, it does not necessarily require you to become a computer technician. All you need is this short tutorial and some common sense at your disposal.

First, we need to find the root cause of the problem using a troubleshooting technique called "Zeroing of a Problem". The question is how do you spot the problem? Here are some questions that you should ask yourself while solving video problems.


Ask Yourself About:

• Does my LCD or LED display monitor have the right cable configuration or connection?


• Is it receiving power from the AVR?


• Are all the cables leading to LCD or LED display in good condition?


• Does the fan of the Power Supply Unit of the system unit spinning?


• Is there any whizzing or any other abnormal sound inside the system unit?


• Have you installed a new hardware or program earlier?


• Has the computer been moved to another location lately?

Now after trying to trace the last things done or the recent condition of the computer before it had any video problem gives you some sensible clues to where we should begin to locate its cause. Let us take the last question "Has the computer been moved to another location lately?", if you are to analyze the display problem may have been caused by the action. So what might have caused the display monitor to fail? Probably it would be from a power source, or loose cabling, or damaged monitors due to mishandling and other probability. You can then start checking for the suspected cause of the video problem one after the other. Do not check all problems at once - your check may not be thorough.

Loose cabling can easily be solved by reinserting it or as a temporary solution wrap the exterior of the plug with paper adhesive tape to snugly fit it in its socket. If however you have checked the cabling and power source and finds no fault or cause of the display problem, then it is worth to consider that the video failure might be attributed by the components inside of your computer.

To check the inside components of your computers, you must adhere to practice computer servicing safety measures and able to have some background in disassembly and assembly of a computer. So what particular peripherals or parts inside your computers that if it fails, it leaves you some disgusting display problems? Here is a short list of the possible defective peripherals that may contribute to the video trouble.


Defective Peripherals That May Cause Video Problems

• Video Card


• RAM


• Power Supply Unit


• Hard disk


• CPU

These are the most common peripherals that if they may fail, are usually the primary things that lead to video or display problems. Use trial and error technique by swapping each individual peripheral with a known good functioning one. In doing so, you will be able to "screen-out" other possible cause of the problem. But sometimes, cleaning the connector edge (the shiny gold colored plates) of the RAM and Video Card usually solves the problem. You can easily clean the connector edge using the commercial electronics detergent spray or a simple rubber eraser.

You don't have to be a computer technician to find video problem solutions. All you should have is common sense and some tips from us. Learn more about computer servicing and troubleshooting by browsing across our pages' topics. You are also welcome to ask questions or ask some assistance about troubleshooting your computer problems.

Is it really a logical thing to fix your computer's motherboard? How come I am asking such question where most people would plainly say yes. Having been fixing computers for more than six years now gave me adequate time to hone my skills including "fixing" pc motherboards. But technically, you can't fix your computer's motherboard as its components are integrated and the only way to resolve chip level problems is to replace those soldered components - which is impractical. However in some cases, you may be able to do simple motherboard fixes like burnt capacitor replacement through soldering or perhaps straightening the bent pins and defective ports.

Basically, most computer motherboard problems are caused by leaking or burnt capacitors. Checking your motherboard visually or perhaps carefully listen for abnormal sounds while your computer is operating. You may see some brownish-yellow fluid on top of your leaky capacitor, a bulging top or raised capacitor which is shaky on its base, or an oddly sharp whizzing sound when your motherboard operates. These are some easy indications that your motherboard is problematic.

Another indication that your motherboard needs a fix or replacement is when you get no display or intermittent problems even if the processor, RAM, video card, or hdd had already been isolated and checked. Problems like constant restarts and POST errors are well associated with motherboard problems. Another good indication that your motherboard is likely defective is that your processor won't heat up when trying to power up the system unit.

If in any case there are visually clear indication of defective capacitors, you can replace it through soldering. But if you can't possibly find problems visually, then it could be chip level - which is possible but very hard to fix. Fixing a motherboard requires great skills in soldering and troubleshooting. Some advanced computer technicians feel each major and minor chips on the motherboard if it heats a lot when in operation. If you want to check for chip temperatures, it is best to use a digital thermometer. When the temperature reading well exceeds 35 degrees, it could be your problematic motherboard's culprit.

If overheating chips or other uncommon problems are observed other than the obvious defective capacitors on your motherboard, replacement is the best solutions. There are many good motherboards to choose from in the market and you can even order them easily online. And if you want to get the best motherboards in the market today, check the top motherboard reviews before considering to buy one.

Fixing pc motherboards are easy - if you are only to replace the defective capacitors. And if the problem is chip level, perhaps you consider buying a new motherboard.

To disassemble a computer may be a very daunting task to anyone - at least to people with no or little knowledge or experience. Does this mean it includes you? Probably not, you found our blog and you will be learning how to do things right and easy. Yes! By reading and following the detailed instructions that we will be providing, you will be able to disassemble a computer correctly and easily.

Before we begin, allow yourself to ponder with these questions.

Is it necessary to disassemble my computer?
Am I sure I can get things right?
Will I be able to put this thing back in one piece again?

By answering the questions above, you will be able to evaluate yourself whether you are confident enough to do it (or whether your way or based on other reference like this blog)? If you aren't sure enough, just read on and learn before doing any actual application.

Here are some things you need to consider before you begin to disassemble your computer

1. Safety - Safety should be a priority specially that you are dealing with electricity, precious data, and expensive computer parts to handle. Find out more about computer troubleshooting safety here.

2. Tools - Though are are many tools a computer technician should have, we can however do the job well with fewer tools. A long philip screwdriver, a wide bristle brush, and a rubber eraser. This are the basic tools need to disassemble a computer.

3. Notes - What's a note for? If you are to disassemble a computer and unsure of which things is first to remove and how it is positioned, sometimes you get disoriented of the proper procedure and end up having the computer dumped in a bin. Note taking is essential so that it will serve as your personal guide. Believe it or not, I have been working as a computer technician for more than five years now and still maintains a notepad.

All are now set for the procedure. Again think safety, have the appropriate tools, and have a notebook alongside to take down important notes. Let's begin to to disassemble your computer or system unit.

1. Find a suitable insulated table (or wooden table) to begin with your work.

2. To avoid any accidental electrocution, be sure to unplug your computer from the AVR. And then remove the other connectors at the back panel or back side of your computer (where you can see some wires going to your mouse, keyboard, and others) leaving the computer or system unit totally detached. At this moment, you won't be needing any tool for the removal of the components.

3. We are now ready to remove the side covers. At the back side of your computer you should see some screws locking the covers, but which side cover should we remove? Can you see where the ports are located? If they are located on the left side, then you need to remove the right side cover and vice versa. Use your Philip screwdriver to do this.

4. Once the correct side cover is removed, lay down the computer on the table so that you will be seeing the insides from above. In this manner, it will be a lot easier to remove the components.

5. You may now begin to remove the computer's components. Here is a short list of which components should be first removed.

1. Power Supply Unit (PSU) - remove the molex connector or power cablings (with red,yellow,black,orange wires) from the board and drives. When you remove the connectors, try to swivel it along its length.


2. Data Cables (IDE and SATA) - carefully remove these cables by swiveling it. Removing all cables clears the space for us to work things easier.


3. Card Peripherals - this should include removing the RAMs, Video Card, Modems, Sound Cards, and other card peripherals. Be sure to remove them properly


4. Drives - DVD,Blue Ray, and hard disk drives should be removed after the card peripherals. Be sure to put back the screws back to the drives upon removing it


5. Front Panel Connectors - since every motherboard has its own configuration, we need to take down notes of the proper orientation of the pins. But if you memorize it, the better. Asus and intel board are almost having the same front panel pin configuration. Other boards like ECS and IBM boards have the same pin configuration as the latter. This is where we will be taking notes, draw the pin configuration if possible.


6. Motherboard - be very careful in removing the motherboard, avoid scratching any surface on the motherboard as there are many surface mounted components soldered on it. And after removing the motherboard, put it in an area where there is insulation on its bottom or best, put it in a anti-static bag.


7. Processor (CPU) - removing the processor requires a bit of technical skill (which it will be easy for you to learn soon) and thus we will be dealing with this in our next tutorial.

6. After all the components are taken apart, clean them with the brush that you have. Dust will accumulate heat and can destroy your computer's components.

7. Do not forget to clean the connector edges of your peripheral cards. The connector edges are those shiny gold-colored edges of your RAM, Video card, and other similar components. Use an eraser to do the cleaning but if you have a flux cleaning agent, that should do the job better. Using an eraser, just lightly scrub on the connector edges and then brush off the shredding. Remember to always clean the computer every time you take it apart.

This is how a computer should be disassembled. Again safety,proper tools, and note taking is your arsenal. Drop your fear, start learning and to disassemble a computer is just one of the many things you have to learn in troubleshooting computers. If you have any question about computer disassembly, please do not hesitate to comment and I will help you out in no time.

Looking for some great computer hardware technician's tools and utilities? You came to the right place! Fixing computers requires you to have adequate tools and equipment. That includes primarily your screwdrivers, swap peripherals, test data cables, and installers. However in this section, we will be focusing on the different utility installers or computer technicians call it as "tools".

We do not vouch or sell the said products listed here but we as technicians, find these free and commercial products and brands favored by their performance. Again, we do not promote any of the softwares to be discussed of but rather give an honest opinion on which is right to use.

As a computer technician for almost seven years, I and my computer technician friends found some utilities that are really helpful for every learner out there and that includes you. The products and brands that will be mentioned have nothing to do with marketing or anything. We also encourage that you should use legitimate or licensed products and we hate piracy as much as you do.

If you are a student and wanting to pass computer hardware servicing nc ii, then it is a must to have the tools and utilities. By the way, we have tips on how to pass computer hardware servicing exam NC II in one of our articles.

So here are the most useful products that we feel you must have in your backseat :

1. Driver Packs - Driver packs or Driver Package is a collection of different drivers all "packed" in a single installer (CD or DVD) for easy device driver solution. The drivers included will range from chipsets, video or graphics, sound, modem, ethernet, printer, and much more. The best thing with having drivers packs is that it is handy and greatly reduces the number of cd or dvd installers that you will be bringing when doing onsite troubleshooting.

There are a number of driver packs to download out there but I suggest you to scan it first with an online virus and malware detection website like at virus total. You might as well have your own massive collection of drivers so that you can assure it is virus free. Here are some of the driver packs that we currently use.

Cobra Driver Pack 2011
10,000 Drivers
DriverPacks.net

2. Hiren's Bootable CD/ - This is a collection of freeware and shareware. This is a must for every computer hardware servicing technician. It also includes Mini Xp and Mini Linux where you can choose which of the said operating systems you wish to boot. Other utilities included in Hiren's bootable cd are for data recovery, partition recovery, windows password remover, driver backup softwares, xp and win 7 restoration, disk wiping software, and many other useful utilities.

The best thing with Hiren's is that it can be used both as a boot utility cd and a Windows utility cd too! I have been using Hiren's for quite some time now and I actually have 3 versions of the cd since its first release.

3. BackTrack - This is a very powerful Linux Based (though there are versions working for windows platform) penetration testing tool. Perfect for testing a system's security like sniffing and cracking. This tool is intended for pentest only and not to be used for wifi password hijacking as many do use this tool for evil intentions. Security enthusiasts and professional finds this list to be on top.

4. ERD Commander - A systernal tools specifically tailored for Windows platform. File system rescue and Operating system recovery are some of the features of ERD Commander.

3. Spotmau - A bootable cd used as Windows platform utility. This feature rich bootable cd is perfect for recovering XP and Vista.

4. BartPE - Considered to be one of the oldest and legit boot cd distribution. This has been my favorite for quite a while. BartPE is versatile where you can personally add up some more features or utilities. It is free to download too.

5. UBCD - One of the original boot cd readily available for free. Its collection of utilities are regarded to be one of the best.

The above mentioned tools and utilities are indispensable and essential to every computer hardware servicing technician. We will update this entry once in a while when we get more technician tools and utilities in the future. We are also currently building an utility installer pack for xp and it will be open for download very soon. So enjoy downloading and using these computer hardware servicing technicians' favorite tools and utilities. By the way, computer hardware servicing NC II students should have these tools!

What has urged you to find computer servicing tips? Probably you are into learning how to fix or troubleshoot a computer hardware peripheral or the whole computer itself. That's great! You just can't always call for a computer technician to fix little problems when you can handle it yourself. The computer servicing tips provided here are mostly common and very useful. These computer servicing tips are also based on the actual computer technician experiences. Take note that this is a computer hardware servicing blog which provides accurate tutorials made by real-world computer hardware servicing technicians.

Learning some computer servicing tips does not perfectly remove our reliance with some computer hardware servicing experts. But at least we will be able to solve simple problems that may have been from you by a computer technician for big bucks. You can save time and of course money when you do things around by yourself. So let us start with listing down our computer hardware servicing tips.


Computer Servicing Tips - Hardware Related Problems

"These are the most common and effective computer servicing tips related to hardware problems. Please note that safety must be observed when dealing with electronic devices."

Check Cables' Connection and Integrity

Since computer peripherals are made modular, that means you can take out and replace a peripheral very easily, there is a big chance that those connections or contacts may get loose. This usually happens with monitor cables that the monitor itself is constantly moved or adjusted from its position. You may get "No Video Signal" or no display at all and it sometimes simply being caused by a loosen cable connector.

This also applies true to your other connections like for the mouse, keyboard, webcam, printer, scanner, internet connection, and any of your computer's peripheral. So how are we going to solve this problem with your computer servicing tips? Here are the solutions.

- Unplug and plug back the connectors or cables to it's position and secure the connections tightly. It is that simple and really does work.

- Unplug and plug back then secure the connectors or cables then restart the computer. This is crucial specially if you are going to connect peripherals like the mouse and the keyboard. Most problems are basically solved by simply restarting the computer.


Open Your Computer and Check the Peripheral Cards

Sometimes, you may need to open your computer to be able to fix the problems. This should be done if you are to check your video card, RAM or memory, hard disk drive, internal modem, and other peripherals. So is it really that necessary? Yes it is specially if you are going to replace or just even clean the peripherals. So here are some computer servicing tips for replacing or cleaning your peripheral cards.

- Be sure to turn off the computer and unplug the computer from the AVR. Turning off poses threat to damaging the computers, there is still a 5 volt power intended for switching the computer. So always remember to turn off and unplug your computer from the AVR.

- Remove and Clean the connector edge of the peripheral card. When removing the peripheral cards like the video card, be sure when you are pulling it off from its slot you must carefully and slowly pull one side after the other like a "see-saw". This provides easy and safe removal of the card.

Upon cleaning of the connector edge (the side of the card peripheral that looks like golden teeth set at one edge of the card), use a rubber eraser to clean it. Rub on the connector edge lightly to both sides of it. Place it back to its slot and test the computer.


Computer Servicing Tips - Software Related

"Fixing this type of problem may be harder than fixing hardware related problems. The common types of problems being somehow attributed to are slowing down of a computer, computer virus infection, slow internet connection,computer does not boot up or boots so slow, computer hangs up, computer automatically restarting and a lot more problems."

Slow computer

Slow computer may be caused by many factors. Let me ask you, does your computer have small RAM capacity (128 to 256 MB)? or Have lots of programs installed? or Are you using a memory and cpu intensive operating system which is not suitable for your current system unit? or Are is your hard drive full of music and movie files? Were you not using any registry or disk management or optimization software lately? If you may have answered any of those questions above, I guess you got the reason why your computer is slow. Consider these computer servicing tips to follow.

- Increase your RAM. This will significantly improve your computers performance. If you can't afford it yet, consider up sizing your virtual memory. Go click right on "My Computer"\"Properties"\"Performance"\"Advanced"\"Virtual Memory" then adjust the maximum and minimum space you want to include for virtual memory between at least 3500 to 4000 MB.

- Uninstall some unnecessary programs. It is common that people just install any programs even if it does not serve them any purpose at all. So remove some unused programs right into your control panel.

- Switch to the appropriate operating system. If you "upgraded" your previous operating system to the current operating system and finds your computer slowed down tremendously, then it is recommended that you should switch back to the old operating system. Not all new operating systems in the market today are fitted to run smooth with the previous technology of motherboards, RAMs, and processors. So if you have an older computer, use an older operating system as well.

- Delete or move files. If your hard drive if already full, then it should not surprise you that your computer will go slow. Remove some files or move it to your external drive to free some spaces of your hard drive.

- Use a registry optimizer and disk defragmenter softwares. It sure does help you to optimize your computer's performance. Computers require to have some maintenance check not only for the hardware part but most importantly, the software side. That is why using softwares like a registry optimizer and a disk defragmenter can really boost your computer's performance.

Computer Virus Infection

This is very common and usually we are not able to detect this problem right away. It is a common fact that files are the number one carriers of computer viruses. That is why having an antivirus installed in your computer can somehow block or reduce the rate of infection if you are fond of downloading stuff from the net.

- Get a well performing and updated antivirus. There are a lot of free antivirus offered online but I suggest you should acquire a licensed copy. The reason is that licensed copies have stronger antivirus definition and protection than the free ones.


Slow Internet Connection

If you are suffering from slow internet connection, it may be because your computer is also slow. Another is that you must be infected with a computer virus that monitors your computer activity. It also be that you are downloading something via a torrent client. Worse if your ISP is really having some problems.

- Try using a good laptop and see if the connection improves. ( Use speed test if you want to check for connection speed )

- Run an antivirus program or an anti-malware software and see if you're spied or being computer virus infected.

- Pause or cancell your torrent download and check for the connection.

- Call your ISP. They may have problems with their lines.


These are some of the most common but very useful computer servicing tips for you. We will be adding some more tips from time to time as some users like you would like to add some more tips by simply giving us an email. Hope that this computer servicing tips will really work for you.

If you are trying to learn how to fix computers and don't know where to start, this is the right place for you. When learning how to fix or troubleshoot computers, one must have a trusted guide and clear instructions to follow. Computer hardware servicing is not that hard as you may be thinking and not as easy as some people claim. A step by step approach of teaching should favor the student and that is what this Beginner's Guide to Troubleshooting Computer Hardware is promoting for you to learn computer hardware servicing fast, easy, and free.


Before we proceed with our tutorial, let us first assess things that you currently learn about computers and yourself.

1. Are you familiar and practicing occupational health and safety (OHS) when working with computers?

2. Do you know how to operate a computer?

3. Are you afraid of electricity?

4. Do you have the passion to learn on how to fix computers?

5. Have you ever tried tinkering or opening an electronic device?

6. Are you resourceful enough?

7. Do you have patience?


Asking these questions to yourself gives you a hint of what a computer hardware service technician's attributes are. If ever you say no for any of the questions above, it is ok. Read on and you will know why I am saying it really is ok.


Safety Is A Priority

Working with computers may seem harmless. You can't be sure though because even if you are just sitting and browsing the web with your computer, radiation is already softly cooking you. Your monitor emits small amounts of radiation tolerable by own body but radiation is still radiation. Wonder why your eyes gets tired and sores a little when using computers for some prolonged usage of your computer. Safety must be observed.

Now how about if your are to fix a computer? Accidents may happen like electrocution, cuts, dropping and damaging the tools and equipment, blowing or frying the motherboard and other peripherals if safety is disregarded. To make things short, computer safety must be followed.


I Know You Can Operate A Computer

This might be a silly statement but what I am trying to imply is different. Of course I know you can operate a computer that is why you are reading this article. But sometimes, what we think we already know isn't enough. Keyboard shortcuts, using process names to open programs, use of batch files and the command prompt, tweaking using the registry editor, and so many things are some of the operation that you should be familiar. And I am not saying that you must know everything about operating the computer first before learning how to fix it, you must somehow "learn" by process. Learn more computer terms by reading ebooks. We will soon be providing ebook downloads soon or just email me to ask for a copy.


Fear Not For Electricity Is Your Friend

During my years as a freelance computer hardware serviceman, I often see students having On-the-Job Trainings (OJT)in computer shops just standing by the corner and watching seasoned computer technicians doing something. And when a seasoned technician asks for assistance from the trainee, it is evident that the trainee shows hesitation with plugging into sockets and molex power connectors. It is not good to hesitate in doing things because uncertainty surely leads to disaster.

Fear of electrocution is common among newbies. I could remember during my college days when my Building Wiring and Electricity instructor tried to have us touched a 220 live wire just to let us feel electricity. I never touched when he said so but when we were asked to do our practical examination by building a two-way switch on a large dashboard, I accidentally touched a bare live wire! A shock was sent up to my armpit and I was so careful about electricity ever since.

You can't fix a computer without electricity, just be very careful in using it.


Be Passionate About Fixing Or Troubleshooting a Computer

It's just like having a girlfriend. If you are not dedicated and passionate with her, you will be throwing stones at each other by the morning! You see if you love what you are doing, you can do things right and makes you genuinely happy. If you feel that troubleshooting computers is not the thing for you, then quit. Do other stuff that you feel you love to do and you surely will be good and happy with it.

Be passionate to troubleshoot and learn computer hardware servicing. You can only be a good computer hardware technician if you are passionate on what you are doing. Doing things right with eagerness to improve is the key to be a successful learner.


Tinkering And Being Curious About The Insides Of An Electronic Device

If you love to open electronic devices or just anything you are curious at, is a good sign that you are an eager learner. It also shows that you have interest in the inner workings of a machine and wants to analyse how a thing works. In troubleshooting computer hardware, it is important that you can analyse how the parts are positioned or being attached to. Computer hardware servicing may seem difficult, very technical, and boring but it is actually easy, handy, and exciting!


Be Resourceful, Not Everything You Got Is Enough

Learning really takes time. You just can't just click any links from the web and expect to learn something. Sometimes you must choose those which are worth knowing and reading. Sometimes clicking some links in a site brings you to good pages and will take away your blues trying to learn.

So be resourceful, don't just get stuck with few resources. Research and don't be afraid to learn. Experience will also bring more knowledge. Try to apply what you have learned and you will surely thank yourself.


Be Patient At All Times

Patience has something to do with time. In troubleshooting computer problems, there will be times when you can't fix the machine right away. You need to give yourself a time to regroup and think of a better solution.


Have you thought of these things? If you think you have or able to develop the attributes discussed above, then you already becoming a good computer technician in the process. Learning is a process, it takes enormous effort and time. So let me give you a draft on what things you should be learning to become full fledged computer hardware servicing technician.


What You Should Learn About Computer Hardware Servicing

1. Occupational Health and Safety Procedure

2. Basic Computer Operation

3. Understanding Binaries and Logic Gates

4. Introduction To Computers - Components of the IT System

5. The System Unit - Hardware Component Functions and Description

- Motherboard
- Central Processing Unit
- Random Access Memory, Read Only Memories, and Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)
- Storage
- Operating Systems, Tools, and Utilities - Installation
- Networking
- Troubleshooting Techniques


Basically these are the things that you should learn about computer hardware servicing. We will be providing more computer hardware servicing tutorials soon.

Before installing an Operating System for a System Unit, one must adhere to the fact that not all machines are the same and that will include software and hardware compatibilities. Aside from that, we as computer hardware servicing technicians should be able to establish a strong background in the proper procedure of installing and operating system. In some occasion, a computer technician is satisfied with the plain installation as long as it works fine. As a responsible computer hardware servicing technician, one must consider to use utilities, ensure data security is met and the computer should be properly optimized to make an ease of use for the client. We will be listing down the things a computer technician should do or check upon when installing an operating system.


Operating System Installation Checklist for Computer Technicians

1. The most important thing a computer technician should watch for is to do backup on the files. Files are worth more than the computer you are or will be fixing. It is best to secure the files of your client's computer before beginning a troubleshooting process. Ask your client what files are necessary to backup.

2. Always bring the most crucial tools specially if you are an on-call computer technician. Here are the most important tools or things an on-call technician should always bring.

a. Installers and Utility Softwares
b. External Drive (for backup storage)
c. CD ROM or preferably a DVD ROM much better if it is portable
d. SATA and IDE (both 40 and 80 pin) cables
e. Power Cable
f. PSU Checker
g. Long Philip Screw Driver
h. A set of small screw driver and a torx screw driver set as well
i. A wide bristle brush
j. Tube of thermal grease or paste
k. Rubber eraser
l. Test peripheral like a RAM or a Video Card
m. Penlight

This will all come handy with a backpack

3. Before doing an Operating System Re-installation or Installation, confirm first that the system unit really needs to have a fresh operating system. Check and verify the integrity of the RAM, Video Card, Power Supply, and the HDD before proceeding the installation.

4. After the integrity of the peripheral has been checked and has done a file backup, consider doing a driver backup if there is no Motherboard Support CD.

5. Start the OS installation.

6. After the OS installation is finished, install your motherboard and device drivers.

7. Have your HDD share some of its space for the RAM. This is virtual memory for Windows and Swap file for Linux. In Linux, you set it during installation and in Windows you set it up at the system properties.

8. Do registry optimization.

9. Have Sysedit optimized (works well with XP) by:
a. Press "Win+R" and type in "sysedit"
b. Look for the "system.ini" tab and locate [386enh]. Make a line after [386enh] by pressing "enter" then type "Irq14=4096". Do not include "" and this is CASE SENSITIVE. Save it by going to "File" then "Save".

10. Customize the Start Menu for better navigation and reduce clutter.

11. Install the necessary softwares like MS Office, Media Player Updates, Yahoo Msgr, Google Chrome, Adobe Reader and other programs.

12. Install Disk Defragmenter like SmartDefrag and Registry Defragmenter like RegCure.

13. Delete caching files by:
a. Press "Win+R"
b. Type "Prefetch" then as the windows opens, delete it by pressing "CTRL+A" then "SHIFT+Del".

14. Run Disk Defragmenter. Run it twice then restart your computer.

15. Run Registry Defragmenter. Run it twice and restart your computer.

16. Remove some unnecessary startup items (not harmful to your system)like yahoo messenger, adobe update, skype, and etc by :
a. Press "Win+R" then type "msconfig" as the System Configuration Utility window appears go to Startup tabs and uncheck the items not necessary for startup.
b. Restart your computer.

17. Perform Disk Cleanup by:
a. Press "Win+R" then type "cleanmgr" Select drive to clean. Follow the instructions provided.

18. Set or Create a System Restore Point by:
a. Press "Win+R" then type or copy this "%systemroot%\system32\restore\rstrui"
b. Follow the instruction provided then restart the computer

19. Disable AutoUpdates.

20. Install a known good antivirus and restart your computer.


You see, the antivirus has to be installed last. This is the method is being taught and used by the Computer Hardware Servicing NC II students. Hope this Operating System Installation Checklist can help you. Please do comment if you have to add something important to add.

You might think that disassembly and assembly of the system unit is easy. Yes it is provided that you have done it correct and safely. The first thing that every computer technician should keep in mind is SAFETY. You must think that electrocution and nasty cuts are the most common injuries a computer technician might have and we need to avoid it by following simple safety procedures. To disassemble and assemble a computer is integral as being a Computer Hardware Servicing Technician.

Aside from electrocution, we must also think that the computer that we are about to disassemble requires care. Safety of the equipment must also be considered. Not only thinking of the computer's safety but also to that of your tools. Your tools are your best friends and you need to take good care of them so they in return can make your job easy and fast. Example, if you just leave your software installer anywhere then accidentally falls to the ground and accumulates scratches? Do you think you can still use the installer again?

Another thing to consider safety is on environment. As computer technicians, we must be responsible to take our part to take care of the environment. What things does computer technicians do that might have ill effects on the environment? Printer inks, cut wires, PCB's, in general electronic wastes. And these electronic wastes are the hardest type of waste to recycle. So be responsible as a computer servicing technician. So listed below is the checklist for a safe and successful disassembly and assembly of the computer.


Steps to a Safe and Successful Disassembly and Assembly of a System Unit


To Disassemble

1. Prepare all your tools.
a. Long Philip Screw Driver
b. Rubber Eraser
c. Soft Wide Bristle Brush
d. Paper and Pen for documentation

2. Before opening the system case, be sure to turn off the system unit. Turn off and unplug the AVR from the wall socket as well. After that, unplug all the cables connecting to the back of the system unit. After clearing all the connected cables, put the system unit on an empty working table.

3. Touch the unpainted part of your system unit with your bare hands to remove the ESD of your body. This is an important part before opening your system case. You might destroy your RAM, Chipsets and other components of your motherboard.

4. Remove the screws of the side cover opposite to the side where the ports are. By most system cases, if you are facing the back of the system unit the right side cover is to be removed. Return the screws back to the screw holes to avoid losing them.

5. Once the side cover is removed, turn your system side down where the opened side of the system unit should be facing upward where you can comfortably look down on the inside of your system case.

6. We are now ready to remove the components inside of the computer. The first thing we need to do is remove the power supply. To be able to remove the power supply, remove first the molex connectors (the white plastic connector at the tip of the wires of the power supply) or the motherboard power connector, drive power connectors, the floppy drive power connector, the sata power connectors and the four pin 12-volt motherboard connector. With all power connectosr are removed from the motherboard and drives, the power supply is now ok to be removed as well. Always have the removed components placed in a remote and safe place away from where you are performing computer disassembly.

7. With the power supply removed, the data cable should be removed next. This includes IDE, SATA, and floppy drive cables. Secure the removed data cables.

8. Next to remove are the RAM, Video Card and other card peripheral components. Again have them secured in a safe place and put the screws back. Clean the connector edges of the card peripherals by rubbing the gold colored edge moderately with a rubber eraser then brushing off the shredding. Do not attempt to clean the edge by blowing or brushing it off with your fingers. Our body is acidic and you might only cause the edges to tarnish faster.

9. Remove all drives. This will include your hard drive, cd/dvd drives, and the floppy drive.

10. Since all peripherals where removed, the next thing to do is to remove the front panel connectors. This will include the USB, Front Panel (FP) and Audio header. If you are not sure of which connector is being match to, write down or document the connections and orientation of the connectors before removing them from the headers. Remember that not all motherboards have the same header configuration so be careful and watchful while documenting.

11. After removing the header connectors, we are now ready to remove the motherboard. To remove the motherboard, locate first all the screws and lightly unscrew all screws alternately. With this technique, we are reducing the risk of warping or bending our motherboard. It may not have a large impact on the bending of the motherboard but still it does have even a little. Upon lightly loosening all screws, remove all screws then. Remove the motherboard by carefully and lightly pulling it away from the I/O shield. Why? because we need to free the ports that are fitted from the holes in the I/O shield. After freeing the motherboard ports from the I/O shield holes, lift up the motherboard and put it on the safe place.

12. Clean the system unit chassis with your brush, also clean your motherboard and the rest of the peripherals being removed.


To Assemble

1. Provided that all peripherals are clean and ready. We are now going to assemble your computer. In assembling back your computer, what we have done during disassembling is just doing the reverse order to assemble it. Since the motherboard was last to be removed, it should then be the first to put back. Remove the retaining screws from the standoff screws of the motherboard and let the motherboard seat on it with the ports facing out towards the I/O shield. Lightly push the motherboard to set its ports to the holes of the I/O shield. Put the retaining screws on the motherboard screw holes but do not tighten it yet. Now be careful in doing this one and if this is your first time doing it, it is best if you lend a hand for assistance. Lightly push the motherboard towards to I/O shield and lightly tighten the motherboard retaining screws alternately until all screws are tight enough but not too tight. This is to ensure that your ports are protruding correctly out of the I/O shield.

2. Once the motherboard is secured, put back the FP, Audio, and USB header connectors as you will be using your documentation for reference.

3. Put back the drives to the correct drive bays.

4. Connect back the RAM, Video Card and other card peripherals to its proper slot inserting it properly and some cards will require screws to be secured.

5. The data cables (IDE, SATA, floppy cable) should be connected to its proper headers and drives. Remember the proper configuration of the placement of the cables specially if you are dealing with the IDE cables.

6. After the data cables are properly connected, put back the power supply and secure it with the screws you removed earlier. After securing the PSU to the chassis, connect the power connectors to the drives and the motherboard.

7. Once all peripherals are connected properly, have a final inspection by visually checking for loose connection or improper connection. Once the system unit connections are thoroughly checked and verified, connect the keyboard; the monitor, and the power connector then power up the computer. This initial powering up of the computer while the side cover is open ensures us that everything is ok before putting back the side cover. In case something goes wrong, we can accessibly correct the problem right away. If everything is fine shutdown the computer, unplugged the AVR and remove the cables connected to the back of your computer. Put the side cover back.

8. Put the assembled computer back to its place and connect the rest of the cables and connectors. Power it up and see if there are unusual effects of your disassembling/assembling procedure done earlier.

Remember SAFETY. Do not neglect it. Neglect can cause catastrophic effects. I will be posting some videos soon if I can buy a video cam early before December. :-) Enjoy disassembling and assembling your computer safely and successfully.

You must have already heard about registry optimizers or registry cleaners and its effect on a computer's performance? It seems these programs are just hogging up our computers' RAM thus slowing our computer and there you go just waste our money. I personally had that opinion but has drastically changed my mind when I tried using a registry cleaner. Let us know the importance and benefits of having a registry optimizer installed on out computers.


What is a Registry Cleaner or Optimizer?

A registry cleaner or optimizer is a software that fixes registry issues of your computer like empty and broken registry entries since your computer greatly depends on the correct entries and configuration of the registry. An anomaly in the registry can cause unwanted behavior of your computer resulting to slow startups, slow reaction in clicking or opening programs, copying, moving, deleting of files, shutting down and many other undesirable things. This can somehow be FIXED or RESOLVED by running a registry cleaner or optimizer. And So far, the best that I have used and confidently using is regcure.


What are the Benefits of Using Registry Optimizers or Cleaners?

Registry issues or faults are or can be caused by virus infection, malware, trojan, adware, improper installation of programs, program updates, operating system and program tweaks, installation or updates or device drivers, games, chat clients and many other applications. These changes can occur with or without our knowing. With these changes,which most are undesirable can cause as mentioned earlier contribute to general slowing down of your computer's performance or worst can cause your computer to be inoperable.

Are There Free Registry Cleaners or Optimizers?

Yes of course and I have used Eusing before and I find it just fine. When using the free registry optimizer, as observed it has limited capability to resolve registry issues. You may want to try these free registry optimizers first before acquiring a relatively good one. Again, I strongly suggest you choose Regcure. I should be suggesting another registry optimizer or cleaner if Regcure hasn't able to meet my expectations.

Finding appropriate system device drivers for your computer and peripherals is a tedious task. You have to install system device drivers every time you need to reformat your drive and reinstall Windows XP or your favorite operating system and other peripherals. Some of the most common driver missing or device drivers upon finishing to install Windows XP are pointing device drivers and it will just show you a warning like unknown device drivers.

Looking for device drivers for Windows might be might be so hard for most newbies. Some just plainly go to Google and search something like unknown device drivers download or device drivers windows or even download device drivers. You just can't download device drivers or commonly windows device drivers if you do not know the motherboard manufacturer and the series name. This is important so that you can have the appropriate system device driver for your computer's peripheral or devices.

Now if are able to find your motherboard manufacturer's name and the motherboard series name, you are now ready to download unknown device drivers. But what if you don't know how to identify if you have unknown device drivers in your computer? It is easy to find whether you have the right device driver or appropriate device drivers by doing the following steps below.

1. Go to "Start"

2. Click right on "My Computer"

3. Go to "Properties"\"Hardware"\"Device Manager" and when the Device Manager Dialog box appears and you see yellow exclamation marks, it indicates that you have missing drivers for your computer's peripherals or devices.

It should be handy if you have your installation or motherboard support or driver cd - but what if you can't find or lost it? You can update your device drivers or manually download peripheral device drivers or even use driver packs. It's easy, go to your motherboard manufacturer's site and go for support and download the appropriate drivers or look for the best driver packs for you.


Device Driver Support Sites of the Major Motherboard Manufacturers

Asus Support
Emaxx Support
HP Support
Intel Support
Aopen Support
ECS Support
ACER Support
Dell Support
Compaq Support
IBM Support


Download And Use Driver Pack to Solve Unknown Device Drivers

Another option is to secure a copy through purchase or torrent download of driver packs. This is really a handy tool, it contains a driver database for many peripherals like for video, sound, lan, printer and so much more. But the downside is, most drivers are obsolete and you need to update it. Drivers packs need to be updated once in a while - also prone to downloading computer virus.


Trust Driver Fixing Softwares To Solve Driver Problems

Also you might want to consider downloading from virus free and known driver database sites - some downloads are free and yet others ask for a little fee. Downloading Windows unknown device drivers from these sites might be discomforting and finding the right device driver for your computer or its peripheral is hard and difficult. To cope up with the difficulty in downloading, there are softwares or programs that will automatically search for the most appropriate and updated device driver for your computer. There is no need to manually search for the unknown device drivers, the program will do it for you - with ease. The software costs a little but automation will save you time and money in the long run. I would suggest you try driver fixing softwares from a trusted company like ParetoLogic which is also Microsoft's partner.